BANGALORE, India -- Hydro Power Energy plays as the important water power energy in the country. In olden days Hydro Power was using for irrigation purpose with mechanical devices for water mills, textile mills, power houses etc. Nowadays with modern Hydroelectric Power Machines, hydro power is a renewable energy source empowering us with electrical form of energy. Hydel energy is of two types. Micro Hydel and Mini Hydel forms of energy are available. With a huge amount of water, higher force is generated. This force can be converted to electricity.
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Hydropower is generated from water moving in the hydrological cycle, which is driven by solar radiation. Incoming solar radiation is absorbed at the land or sea surface, heating the surface and creating evaporation where water is available. A large percentage—close to 50% of all the solar radiation reaching the Earth’s surface—is used to evaporate water and drive the hydrological cycle. The potential energy embedded in this cycle is therefore huge, but only a very limited amount may be technically developed.
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Evaporated water moves into the atmosphere and increases the water vapour content in the air. Global, regional and local wind systems, generated and maintained by spatial and temporal variations in the solar energy input, move the air and its vapour content over the surface of the Earth, up to thousands of kilo meters from the origin of evaporation. Finally, the vapour condenses and falls as precipitation, about 78% on oceans and 22% on land. This creates a net transport of water from the oceans to the land surface of the Earth, and an equally large fl ow of water back to the oceans as river and groundwater runoff. It is the flow of water in rivers that can be used to generate hydropower, or more precisely, the energy of water moving from higher to lower elevations on its way back to the ocean, driven by the force of gravity.
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Mini hydro, usually defined as less than 1,000 kW, and micro hydro which is less than 100 kW. Micro hydro is usually the application of hydroelectric power sized for smaller communities, single families or small enterprise. A micro-hydropower system is generally classified as having a generating capacity of less than 100 kW. Systems that have an installation capacity of between 100 kW and 1000 kW (1.0 MW) are referred to as mini-hydro. Small hydro is defined as having a capacity of more than 1.0 MW and up to 10 MW, although in Canada small-hydro can be defined by provincial and territorial utilities as having a capacity of less than 30 MW or 50 MW.
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